From the help:
ReadRegStr user_var(output)
root_key
sub_key
name
Reads from the registry into the user variable $x. Valid values for root_key are listed under WriteRegStr. The error flag will be set and $x will be set to an empty string ("") if the string is not present. If the value is present, but is of type REG_DWORD, it will be read and converted to a string and the error flag will be set.
ReadRegStr $0 HKLM Software\Microsoft "Foobar"
StrCmp $0 "" stringempty stringnotempty
stringempty:
blahblahblah
stringnotempty:
yddayaddayadda
got it?